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Students come to school with diverse and varying experiences which reflect their cultural backgrounds.

While curriculum documents outline content and outcomes for students it is teachers who develop learning experiences that cater to the diversity of their students.


Teachers' development of a critical consciousness that reflects awareness of cultural diversity is crucial to providing culturally sensitive and meaningful learning environments for all learners. Australia's population and Indigenous population is diverse which means that a multiplicity of perspectives is the reality of classroom diversity in Australian schools.

Ah Sam and Ackland (Introductory Indigenous Studies in Education, 2005, p183) maintain that:

'The teacher's own knowledge of and experience with diverse cultures will influence the type of curriculum the teacher is likely to offer the students, as well as influencing his or her pedagogical approach to students in the educational setting'.

(Refer to the Primary Connections Indigenous perspective Teaching and learning Guide for pedagogical recommendations)


Teachers need to be aware of and understand that differences exist between Indigenous groups and individuals within Indigenous groups, just as they do within non-Indigenous groups.

Teaching and learning needs to be responsive to students' worldviews as their values, conceptions and learning needs are influenced by their culture. The term 'worldview' refers to the lens or framework of ideas and beliefs through which an individual interprets and interacts with the world.

(Refer to the Worldview windows for more information and resources.)


Genuine relationships and partnerships based on intercultural understanding and mutual respect between teachers, students, parents, schools and communities provide greater opportunities to improve the educational outcomes of Indigenous students.

(Refer to the Relationships and partnerships window for more information and resources.)


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